Pediatrics Question and Rationale Part II

When evaluating an 18-month-old, the nurse notes a characteristic protruding abdomen. Which of the following would explain the rationale for this finding?

A.Increased food intake owing to age

B.Underdeveloped abdominal muscles 

C.Bowlegged posture

D.Linear growth curve

Underdeveloped abdominal musculature gives the infant a characteristic of a protruding abdomen. During toddlerhood, food intake decreases, not increases. The infant is characteristically bowlegged because the leg muscles must bear the weight of the relatively large trunk. Infant growth patterns occur in a steplike, not linear pattern.

If the mother keeps an infant dependent in areas where he is capable of using skills, the toddle will develop a sense of which of the following?

A.Mistrust

B.Shame

C.Guilt

D.Inferiority

According to Erikson, infants experience a sense of shame when they are not allowed to develop appropriate independence and autonomy. Infants evolve mistrust when their needs are not consistently gratified. Preschoolers grow guilt when their initiative needs are not met while schoolers develop a sense of inferiority when their industry needs are not met.

Which of the following is an appropriate toy for a young infant?

A.Multiple-piece puzzle

B.Miniature cars

C.Finger paints 

D.Comic book 

Young infants are still sensorimotor learners and they enjoy the experience of feeling different textures. Finger paints would be an appropriate toy choice. Puzzles are too difficult to manipulate and may be hazardous if the pieces are small enough to be aspirated. Miniature cars should be avoided also have a high potential for aspiration. Comic books are on too high a level for young infants. Although they may enjoy looking at some of the pictures, young infants are more likely to rip a comic book apart.

When instructing the mother about the youngster's readiness for toilet training, which of the following signs should the nurse instruct them to watch 

A.Demonstrates dryness for 4 hours

B.Demonstrates ability to sit and walk

C.Has a new sibling for stimulation

D.Verbalizes desire to go to the bathroom 

The youngsters must be able to sate the need to go to the bathroom to initiate toilet training. Usually, a youngster needs to be dry for only 2 hours, not 4 hours. The youngsters also must be able to sit, walk, and squat. 

When teaching mothers about typical infant eating patterns, which of the following should be included?

A.Food “jags” 

B.Preference to eat alone

C.Consistent table manners

D.Increase in appetite

The infant becomes picky eaters, experiencing food jags and eating large amounts one day and very little the next. Infant food gags express a preference for the ritualism of eating one type of food for several days at a time. Infant typically enjoys socialization and limiting others at mealtime. Infants prefer to feed themselves and thus are too young to have table manners. An Infant's appetite and need for calories, protein, and fluid decrease due to the dramatic slowing of growth rate.

Nclex Nursing Exam